The syntactic function of gembira

A corpus-based study

Authors

  • Magdalena Br Marpaung Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • I Nyoman Suparwa Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

Keywords:

Adjective, Syntax, Function, Morphology, Gembira

Abstract

A bare-form adjective can place the function of predicate, complement, and adverb in a sentence. This is a description of how the adjective of gembira syntactically functioned in a clause. To define it, a deep theoretical understanding is required as a qualitative approach. So, this is a descriptive qualitative study. Downloading the data from Leipzig Corpora and transferring the data to Antconc then analyzing it in Ms. Excel, the analysis defined the following results: (1) bare-form adjective of gembira is mostly used as a modifier in the number of 78 times or 84%, it modifies the nouns such as kabar, berita, wajah, and suasana, (2) there are 15 times function as predicate. The results of the analysis explained that the bare-form adjective of gembira in the Indonesian language is in universal characteristics as exemplified by the languages of Manange, Jarawara, and Qiang as explained by Carol and Dixon. Moreover, morphologically, the adjective gembira in its bare form is merely similar to Manange to Jarawara and Qiang. Syntactically, the meaning of the adjective gembira is identified according to the phrase structure and clause word order which is also determined in the language of Manange, Jarawara, and Qiang.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Dixon, R. M., & Aikhenvald, A. Y. (Eds.). (2004). Adjective classes: A cross-linguistic typology. OUP Oxford.

Dixon, R. M., & Aikhenvald, A. Y. (2002). Word: a typological framework. Word: A cross- linguistic typology, 1, 41.

Genetti, C., & Hildebrandt, K. (2004). The two adjective classes in Manange. Adjective classes: A cross-linguistic typology, 1, 74.

LaPolla, R. & Huang, C. (2003). Backmatter. In A Grammar of Qiang: With annotated texts and glossary (pp. 389-445). Berlin, New York: De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110197273.bm

Creswell, W. J., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative adn Mixed Methods Approaches. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (Vol. 53, Issue 9). file:///C:/Users/Harrison/Downloads/John W. Creswell & J. David Creswell - Research Design_ Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (2018).pdf%0Afile:///C:/Users/Harrison/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creswell, Cr

Haspelmath, M. (n.d.). The indeterminacy of word segmentation and the nature of morphology and syntax 1. 1(June 2009), 31–80. https://doi.org/10.1515/flin.2011.002

Haspelmath, M. (2014). The Agglutination Hypothesis : A belated empirical investigation. September.

Haspelmath, M., & Anthropologie, M. (2000). An empirical test of the Agglutination Hypothesis 1. 1999, 1–17.

Marneffe, M. De, Manning, C. D., & Zeman, D. (2021). Universal Dependencies. July 2020.

Plank, F. (2014). Where flexion encroaches on agglutination in Turkish and Korean. April.

Soegiyono. (2011). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D.

Stewart, T., & Stump, G. (2001). Paradigm Function Morphology and the Morphology/Syntax Interface. 1–32.

Published

2025-07-21

How to Cite

Marpaung, M. B., Indrawati, N. L. K. M., Suparwa, I. N., & Malini, N. L. N. S. (2025). The syntactic function of gembira: A corpus-based study. The International Journal of Language and Cultural (TIJOLAC), 7(2), 19–26. Retrieved from https://www.growingscholar.org/journal/index.php/TIJOLAC/article/view/508

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): September

Section

Articles
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2025 Magdalena Br Marpaung, Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati, I Nyoman Suparwa, Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Copyright is a property right, which exists to protect the expression of ideas and the use of works by authors and publishers of various types of works, including literary (e.g. books, newspapers, magazines and journals), artistic works (including photographs, paintings, sculptures, diagrams), musical works, sound recordings, films and broadcasts.

Copyright is one of several intellectual property (IP) rights that exist, including, amongst others, trademarks, patents and designs. Intellectual property is a fundamental right, as set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (Article 17(2)).

Like with other types of property, copyright can be sold, purchased, licensed, transferred, or violated. However, owning a copyright protected work, such as a book for example, has to be distinguished from ownership of the copyright: buying the book does not mean that you then own the copyright in the book.

In this journal, the author(s) has/have got the copyright. The author(s) may share their works by reffering to this journal. If the author(s) do/ does not reffer to this journal then the author(s) is/are viewed as plagiator.